構築したAWS EC2上にLAMP環境のインストール及び初期設定をします。
LAMPはLinux、Apache、MySQL、PHPの頭文字を取ったもので、これらの要素を組み合わせてウェブアプリケーションを開発および実行するための完璧な組み合わせ
https://qiita.com/wata_xox/items
【構築環境】
１．PCからEC2に接続
% ssh -i "demo-keypair.pem" ec2-user@ec2-13-113-166-76.ap-northeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com
The authenticity of host 'ec2-13-113-166-76.ap-northeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com (13.113.166.76)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:h36pl9A7FtQwopwW3OS71DbFy1cTUd6yNIQ+6jCALkQ.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'ec2-13-113-166-76.ap-northeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com,13.113.166.76' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
, #_
~\_ ####_ Amazon Linux 2023
~~ \_#####\
~~ \###|
~~ \#/ ___ https://aws.amazon.com/linux/amazon-linux-2023
~~ V~' '->
~~~ /
~~._. _/
_/ _/
_/m/'
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$２．最新のパッケージにアップデート
sudo dnf update -y<output>
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo dnf update -y
Last metadata expiration check: 0:40:04 ago on Mon Feb 24 01:55:21 2025.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ ※今回は、初期のEC2の状態が最新パッケージだった様です。
パッケージ
Linuxが採用しているアプリケーションの配布形態。アプリケーションによっては、正常に動作させるためには「ライブラリ」と呼ぶ別のプログラムを必要とすることがある。パッケージは、こうした動作に必要な各種プログラムやファイルをまとめたもの
https://xtech.nikkei.com/it/article/Keyword/20110427/359976/
sudoコマンドは、一般ユーザーに対してコマンド実行の単位でroot権限を与える仕組み
https://linuc.org/study/column/4047/#sudo
「dnf」は、Red Hat系のLinuxディストリビューションで使われている“RPMパッケージ”を扱うためのパッケージ管理コマンド
https://qiita.com/nejioooo/items/9c2d99ae82f7ce8c160a#dnf
Linuxのパッケージは大きく分けて以下の2つの方式が存在する。
・Debian形式
・RPM形式
https://qiita.com/nejioooo/items
今回構築したAWS EC2環境では “Amazon Linux 2023” を使用しているため、RPMパッケージとなります。
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ja_jp/linux/al2023/release-notes/all-packages.html
３．Apacheインストール
Apacheは、無償で利用できるオープンソースのWebサーバソフト
Webサーバとは、パソコンやスマートフォンなどの端末からHTTP/HTTPSで送られたリクエストに応じてWebページやWebアプリケーションなどのコンテンツを提供するコンピュータプログラムのこと
https://qiita.com/kimsarai/items
sudo dnf install -y httpd[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo dnf install httpd -y
Last metadata expiration check: 1:39:31 ago on Mon Feb 24 01:55:21 2025.
Dependencies resolved.
===========================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================================
Installing:
httpd x86_64 2.4.62-1.amzn2023 amazonlinux 48 k
Installing dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.7.5-1.amzn2023.0.4 amazonlinux 129 k
〜〜略〜〜
Verifying : mod_lua-2.4.62-1.amzn2023.x86_64 12/12
Installed:
apr-1.7.5-1.amzn2023.0.4.x86_64 apr-util-1.6.3-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64
apr-util-openssl-1.6.3-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64 generic-logos-httpd-18.0.0-12.amzn2023.0.3.noarch
httpd-2.4.62-1.amzn2023.x86_64 httpd-core-2.4.62-1.amzn2023.x86_64
httpd-filesystem-2.4.62-1.amzn2023.noarch httpd-tools-2.4.62-1.amzn2023.x86_64
libbrotli-1.0.9-4.amzn2023.0.2.x86_64 mailcap-2.1.49-3.amzn2023.0.3.noarch
mod_http2-2.0.27-1.amzn2023.0.3.x86_64 mod_lua-2.4.62-1.amzn2023.x86_64
Complete!
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$“Complete!”と表示されたらインストール完了
４．Apacheサービス(httpd)のステータス確認
sudo systemctl status httpd[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo systemctl status httpd
○ httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$systemctlは、systemdの制御や管理のためのコマンドラインツールで、サービスの起動・停止・再起動や状態確認など、さまざまな操作ができるもの
https://qiita.com/gogonosmarty/items
※サービスは停止しているため起動し、自動起動する様に設定変更する。
５．Apacheサービス(httpd)の起動
sudo systemctl start httpd<output>
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo systemctl start httpd
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2025-02-24 06:10:02 UTC; 2min 45s ago
Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
Main PID: 62023 (httpd)
Status: "Total requests: 0; Idle/Busy workers 100/0;Requests/sec: 0; Bytes served/sec: 0 B/sec"
Tasks: 177 (limit: 1111)
Memory: 12.9M
CPU: 148ms
CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
├─62023 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─62024 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─62025 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─62026 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
└─62027 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
Feb 24 06:10:01 ip-172-31-33-34.ap-northeast-1.compute.internal systemd[1]: Starting httpd.service - The A>
Feb 24 06:10:02 ip-172-31-33-34.ap-northeast-1.compute.internal systemd[1]: Started httpd.service - The Ap>
Feb 24 06:10:02 ip-172-31-33-34.ap-northeast-1.compute.internal httpd[62023]: Server configured, listening>
lines 1-19/19 (END) q
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ ６．Apacheサービス(httpd)の自動起動有効
sudo systemctl enable httpd<output>
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2025-02-24 06:10:02 UTC; 4min 41s ago
Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
Main PID: 62023 (httpd)
Status: "Total requests: 0; Idle/Busy workers 100/0;Requests/sec: 0; Bytes served/sec: 0 B/sec"
Tasks: 177 (limit: 1111)
Memory: 12.9M
CPU: 215ms
CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
├─62023 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─62024 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─62025 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
├─62026 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
└─62027 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
Feb 24 06:10:01 ip-172-31-33-34.ap-northeast-1.compute.internal systemd[1]: Starting httpd.service - The A>
Feb 24 06:10:02 ip-172-31-33-34.ap-northeast-1.compute.internal systemd[1]: Started httpd.service - The Ap>
Feb 24 06:10:02 ip-172-31-33-34.ap-northeast-1.compute.internal httpd[62023]: Server configured, listening>
lines 1-19/19 (END) q
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$７．apacheサービスのバージョン確認
httpd -v<output>
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 etc]$ httpd -v
Server version: Apache/2.4.62 (Amazon Linux)
Server built: Jul 23 2024 00:00:00
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 etc]$ ８．PHPのインストール (URL)
PHP は “PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor” を意味する、HTML 埋め込み型の スクリプト言語
https://www.php.net/manual/ja/faq.general.php
スクリプト言語は、開発で使用されるコードのうち、可読性に優れ、読みやすく学びやすい構文で簡易的に記述できるプログラミング言語の汎称
https://staff.persol-xtech.co.jp/hatalabo/it_engineer/558.html#_1
sudo dnf install -y php php-common<output>
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo dnf install -y php php-common
Last metadata expiration check: 4:37:59 ago on Mon Feb 24 01:55:21 2025.
Dependencies resolved.
===========================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================================
Installing:
php8.3 x86_64 8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1 amazonlinux 10 k
Installing dependencies:
libsodium x86_64 1.0.19-4.amzn2023
〜〜略〜〜
Verifying : php8.3-xml-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64 13/13
Installed:
libsodium-1.0.19-4.amzn2023.x86_64 libxslt-1.1.34-5.amzn2023.0.2.x86_64
nginx-filesystem-1:1.26.3-1.amzn2023.0.1.noarch php8.3-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64
php8.3-cli-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64 php8.3-common-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64
php8.3-fpm-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64 php8.3-mbstring-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64
php8.3-opcache-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64 php8.3-pdo-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64
php8.3-process-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64 php8.3-sodium-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64
php8.3-xml-8.3.10-1.amzn2023.0.1.x86_64
Complete!
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ “Complete!”と表示されたらインストール完了
９．PHPのバージョン確認
php -v<output>
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 etc]$ php -v
PHP 8.3.10 (cli) (built: Jul 30 2024 13:44:37) (NTS gcc x86_64)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.3.10, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.3.10, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 etc]$ １０．MySQLのRPMパッケージインストール(URL)
MySQLは、Oracleが開発してサポートするオープンソースのSQLリレーショナルデータベース管理システム
https://kinsta.com/jp/knowledgebase/what-is-mysql/
sudo dnf localinstall https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql84-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm -y<output>
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo dnf localinstall https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql84-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm -y
Last metadata expiration check: 6:28:25 ago on Mon Feb 24 01:55:21 2025.
mysql84-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm 74 kB/s | 13 kB 00:00
Dependencies resolved.
===========================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql84-community-release noarch el9-1 @commandline 13 k
Transaction Summary
===========================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 13 k
Installed size: 14 k
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : mysql84-community-release-el9-1.noarch 1/1
Verifying : mysql84-community-release-el9-1.noarch 1/1
Installed:
mysql84-community-release-el9-1.noarch
Complete!
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ １１．MySQLクライアント、サーバのインストール
sudo dnf install -y mysql-community-server mysql-community-client[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo dnf install -y mysql-community-server mysql-community-client
MySQL 8.4 LTS Community Server 14 MB/s | 853 kB 00:00
MySQL Connectors Community 3.3 MB/s | 74 kB 00:00
MySQL Tools 8.4 LTS Community 12 MB/s | 414 kB 00:00
Dependencies resolved.
===========================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-client x86_64 8.4.4-1.el9 mysql-8.4-
〜〜略〜〜
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.4.4-1.el9.x86_64 5/6
Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.4.4-1.el9.x86_64 6/6
Installed:
mysql-community-client-8.4.4-1.el9.x86_64 mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.4-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-common-8.4.4-1.el9.x86_64 mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.4-1.el9.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-8.4.4-1.el9.x86_64 mysql-community-server-8.4.4-1.el9.x86_64
Complete!
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$
“Complete!”と表示されたらインストール完了
１２．MySQLサービスのステータス確認・起動
sudo systemctl status mysqldsudo systemctl start mysqld[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo systemctl status mysqld
○ mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo systemctl start mysqld
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2025-02-24 08:44:09 UTC; 8s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 71269 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 71337 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 35 (limit: 1111)
Memory: 453.3M
CPU: 4.699s
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─71337 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Feb 24 08:43:59 ip-172-31-33-34.ap-northeast-1.compute.internal systemd[1]: Starting mysqld.service - MySQ>
Feb 24 08:44:09 ip-172-31-33-34.ap-northeast-1.compute.internal systemd[1]: Started mysqld.service - MySQL>
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$※MySQLはインストールした時点で、自動起動が有効になっている様です。
１３．MySQLのバージョン確認
sudo mysql --version[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$ sudo mysql --version
mysql Ver 8.4.4 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-33-34 ~]$